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Twentieth Annual Darwin College Lecture Series 2005

CONFLICT

Lecture 1   :   21 January

SEX DIFFERENCES IN MIND

Simon Baron-Cohen

Autism Research Centre, Cambridge University

Biography  |   Abstract   |   Printable Version

Abstract

Are there essential sex differences in the mind? And do such differences mean the two sexes are destined to live in different worlds? Finally, can one predict a person's mind from their sex? In this talk I introduce the framework that the 'female brain' has a stronger drive to empathize, whilst the 'male brain' has a stronger drive to systemize. Using terms like 'male brain' and 'female brain' is defensible because of the evidence from comparisons between groups of males and females. And the differences between the sexes appear early, suggesting biology as well as experience is shaping them. Research on the importance of fetal testosterone in particular is described. But when it comes to predicting an individual mind, one's sex turns out to be uninformative. There are women with the male brain, and men with the female brain, such that it is next to worthless to assume anything about a person based on their sex. Of interest, the neurodevelopmental condition of autism turns out to fit the profile of the extreme male brain, in showing significant difficulties in empathy alongside a heightened attraction to systems. The talk ends with a plea to respect individual differences.

Further reading: Baron-Cohen, S, (2003) The Essential Difference (Penguin UK/Basic Books)

The lectures are given at 5.30 p.m. in The Lady Mitchell Hall, Sidgwick Avenue, with an adjacent overflow theatre with live TV coverage. Each lecture is typically attended by 600 people so you must arrive early to ensure a place.